The Paradox of Liminality

American Samoa’s Attenuated Sovereignty in the Twenty-First-Century American Empire
dc.bibliographicCitation.firstPage37en_US
dc.bibliographicCitation.lastPage56en_US
dc.bibliographicCitation.volume12en_US
dc.contributor.authorvan der Elsen, Melanie
dc.contributor.editorEr, Öykü Dilara
dc.contributor.editorGerlach, Laura
dc.contributor.editorHussey, Ben
dc.contributor.editorNavin, Margaret
dc.contributor.editorPuccio, Daniele
dc.contributor.editorSchubert, Stefan
dc.contributor.editorSpieler, Sophie
dc.contributor.editorVogelsberg, Anne
dc.contributor.editorVossen, Hannah
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-08T16:38:21Z
dc.date.available2022-11-08T16:38:21Z
dc.date.issued2019en_US
dc.description.abstractAmerican Samoa, an unincorporated, unorganized US insular territory in the Pacific, is faced with a ‘paradox of liminality.’ On the one hand, the US unincorporation doctrine denies American Samoans basic rights, such as the right to vote in federal elections, fair representation in government, and American citizenship, in effect subjecting them to what Lea Ypi regards as the primary wrong of colonialism: the refusal of “equality and reciprocity in decision making.” On the other hand, American Samoa’s liminal status as unincorporated, unorganized territory protects indigenous Samoan culture (Fa‘a Sāmoa) and the traditional system of governance (Fa‘amatai) in ways that full legal integration would not. This paradox of liminality creates clear tensions between conditions of subjugation and protection. How do the argument of moral wrongs and the protection of indigenous culture relate to one another? This paper addresses this complexity by tracing the discursive practices and historical roots that comprise the foundation for US rule over American Samoa. By analyzing American Samoa’s idiosyncrasies, this paper shows how its peculiar status problematizes decolonization processes informed by either/or thinking. Ultimately, I call for a rethinking of the process and progress of the dissolution of American empire by encouraging both/and approaches.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.54465/aspeers.12-04
dc.identifier.urihttp://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?fidaac-11858/2625
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.relation.issn18658768en_US
dc.relation.journalaspeersen_US
dc.relation.journalaltemerging voices in american studiesen_US
dc.rightsL::CC BY 3.0en_US
dc.subject.ddcddc:973en_US
dc.subject.fieldamericanstudiesen_US
dc.subject.fieldhistoryen_US
dc.subject.fieldindigenousstudiesen_US
dc.titleThe Paradox of Liminalityen_US
dc.title.alternativeAmerican Samoa’s Attenuated Sovereignty in the Twenty-First-Century American Empireen_US
dc.typearticleen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dspace.entity.typePublication
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